I'm the Queen of Antarctica.

Temperature records were shattered in Alaska and Antarctica.

First detected in 1985, the Antarctic ozone hole forms during the Southern Hemisphere’s late winter as the returning sun’s rays catalyze reactions involving man-made, chemically active forms of chlorine and bromine. These reactions destroy ozone molecules.

Antarctica is melting at an astonishing pace.

Then they fly round to the Indian Ocean and down to Antarctica.

Put on your long johns, wool socks, parka, and gloves if you travel to Antarctica, the coldest spot on Earth.

The current ozone hole area is still large compared to the 1980s, when the depletion of the ozone layer above Antarctica was first detected. This is because levels of ozone-depleting substances like chlorine and bromine remain high enough to produce significant ozone loss.

In Antarctica, scientists have drilled down two miles below the surface and brought up samples of the ice. These samples are called ice cores.

There's secret underground submarine bases in the Antarctic," said Mary. "Oh, yeah?" said Tom.

There are no polar bears in Antarctica.